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ACT


Learn about the ACT exam.

About the ACT

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Structure

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The ACT exam is offered both online and in-person and features up to 5 sections, each focusing on a specific subject and skillset.

  • Scored Questions
  • 40 questions

  • 41 questions

  •  -

  • 27 questions

  • 34 questions

  • 1 essay

  • Unscored Questions
  • 10 questions

  • 4 questions

  •  -

  • 9 questions

  • 6 questions

  •  -

  • Duration
  • 35 minutes

  • 50 minutes

  • 15 minutes

  • 40 minutes

  • 40 minutes

  • 40 minutes

All sections of the ACT exam are fully multiple choice, except for the optional unscored writing section, which requires students to write an essay. In recent years, students have opted increasingly to exclude the writing section from their testing experience, however, it may still be accepted or required by some schools.

The science test, while also optional, is recommended for students interested in pursuing STEM careers.

Exam Dates

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ACT Exams are held during the same periods every year. During the beginning and end of each academic year, ACT exams are essentially monthly. There are also some summer administration dates.

For more detailed information, view the official ACT testing scheduleopen_in_new

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English

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Overview

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The ACT English section measures the ability of students to revise and edit texts of varying genre. It consists of a series of essays and passages, where each reading is accompanied by a set of multiple-choice questions.

Reporting Categories

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ACT English section scores are accompanied by three reporting category scores based on specific knowledge and skills.

  • Portion of Test
  • 29-32 %

  • 15-17 %

  • 52-55 %

Production of Writing

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Production of writing highlights students' understanding of purpose and focus in texts.

Topic Development

  • Understanding and control of rhetoric elements

  • Identifying the purposes of a text

  • Evaluating the success of goals expressed by a text

  • Understanding the relevance of material in terms of the focus of a text

Organization, Unity, and Cohesion

  • Understanding the logical organization and flow of texts

  • Evaluating the efficacy of introductions and conclusions

Knowledge of Language

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Questions in this category require demonstrations of effective language use. Students must ensure precision and concision through word choice and consistency of style and tone.

Conventions of Standard English

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These questions require an applied understanding of English language grammar, usage, and mechanics in order to effectively revise and edit text.

Sentence Structure & Formation

  • Applying understanding of sentence structure & formation in a text

  • Making revisions to improve writing

Punctuation

  • Recognizing common punctuation errors in a text

  • Making revisions to improve writing

Usage

  • Recognizing errors with language use in a text

  • Making revisions to improve writing

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Mathematics

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Overview

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The ACT Mathematics section is designed to assess skills acquired from courses up to grade 12, and covers important prerequisites for entry-level college mathematics courses.

All questions on the mathematics test are multiple-choice.

Reporting Categories

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ACT Mathematics section scores are accompanied by three primary reporting category scores, as well as five subcategory scores under the Preparing for Higher Math category.

  • Portion of Test
  • 57-60 %

  • 40-43 %

  •  -

Preparing for Higher Math

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This category covers skills in mathematics that students have learned more recently. It consists of five subcategories.

Number & Quantity (7-10%)

  • Real & complex number systems

  • Understanding & reasoning with numerical quantities in various forms

  • Integer and rational exponents, vectors and matrices, etc.

Algebra (12-15%)

  • Solving, graphing, and modeling expressions

  • Linear, polynomial, radical, exponential, and other equations

  • Solving systems of equations (including matrices)

Functions (12-15%)

  • Function definition, notation, representation, and application

  • Linear, radical, piecewise, polynomial, logarithmic, and other equations

  • Manipulating and translating functions

  • Finding and applying features of graphs

Geometry (12-15%)

  • Defining and applying knowledge of shapes and solids

  • Congruence and similarity

  • Volume and surface area measurements

  • Understanding object composition

  • Solving for missing values in triangles, circles, and other figures

  • Trigonometric ratios and equations of conic sections

Statistics & Probability (8-12%)

  • Describing center and spread of distributions

  • Applying and analyzing data collection methods

  • Understanding and modeling relationships in bivariate data

  • Calculating probabilities, including related sample spaces

Integrating Essential Skills

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This category highlights synthesis and application of understanding and skills to solve more complex problems. It places a particular emphasis on solving nonroutine problems by combining skills in chains of steps, and applying them to varied contexts. Success in this category indicates an understanding of connections between different concepts and overall fluency in relevant subjects.

Covered Concepts

  • Rates and percentages

  • Proportional relationships

  • Area, surface area, and volume

  • Average and median

  • Expressing numbers in different ways

Modeling

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The modeling category encompasses all questions that involve modeling in some form. Modeling can involve producing, interpreting, understanding, evaluating, and improving models.

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Reading

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Overview

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The ACT Reading section measures close reading, evidence-based logical reasoning, and multi-source information integration skills.

Reporting Categories

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ACT Reading section scores are accompanied by three reporting category scores, and an additional Understanding Complex Tests indicator.

  • Portion of Test
  • 52-60 %

  • 25-30 %

  • 13-23 %

Key Ideas and Details

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This category emphasizes close reading to determine central ideas and themes.

Relevant Skills

  • Drawing logical inferences and conclusions

  • Understanding sequential, comparative, and causal relationships

Craft and Structure

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Relevant Skills

  • Determining word/phrase meaning

  • Analyzing rhetoric word choice

  • Analyzing text structure

  • Understanding purpose and perspective

  • Analyzing character point of view

  • Interpreting authorial decisions rhetorically

  • Differentiating between perspectives and information sources

Integration of Knowledge and Ideas

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Relevant Skills

  • Understanding authors' claims

  • Differentiating between facts and opinions

  • Establishing evidential connections between different texts

  • Analyzing construction of arguments

  • Evaluating reasoning & evidence from multiple sources

Visual and Quantitative Information

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One passage in the reading test may be accompanied by a graph, figure, or table containing information relevant to the reading task. Some questions will ask students to integrate information from the reading and graphic to determine the best answer. These questions contribute to the Integration of Knowledge and Ideas score.

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Science

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Overview

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The ACT Science section measures various skills required in the natural sciences, including Biology, Chemistry, Geology, Astronomy, Meteorology, and Physics. The test is composed of several real-world scientific scenarios followed by relevant multiple-choice questions.

A calculator is not permitted on the science test.

Reporting Categories

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ACT Science section scores are accompanied by three primary reporting category scores.

Interpretation of Data

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This category focuses on manipulating & analyzing scientific data presented in various graphics (tables, graphs, diagrams, etc.).

Relevant Skills

  • Recognizing trends in data

  • Translating tabular data into graphs

  • Interpolating & extrapolating

  • Reasoning mathematically

Scientific Investigation

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This category emphasizes understanding experimental tools, procedures, and design.

Relevant Skills

  • Identifying controls and variables

  • Comparing, extending, and modifying experiments

  • Predicting results of additional experimental trials

Evaluation of Models, Inferences, & Experimental Results

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Questions in this category require judgement of the validity of scientific information and formulation of conclusions based on that information.

Scientific information appears in one of three formats.

Data Representation (25-35%)

Graphic and tabular material found in science journals and texts.

  • Recognizing relationships among data (tables/graphs)

  • Interpolation & extrapolation

  • Translating tabular data into graphs

Research Summaries (45-60%)

Descriptions and results of related experiments.

Questions focus on experimental design and interpretation of results.

Conflicting Viewpoints (15-20%)

Multiple inconsistent explanations of the same phenomena, based on different premises or incomplete data.

Questions focus on understanding, analysis, and comparison of alternative viewpoints/hypotheses.

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Writing

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Overview

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The ACT Writing section is taken after the four preceding multiple choice sections. It lasts 40 minutes and requires a written essay.

Writing scores do not affect multiple-choice or composite scores.

Essay Prompt

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The writing prompt describes a complex issue and three different perspectives relating to that issue.

Students are tasked with reading the prompt and writing an essay to develop their own perspective on the issue. The essay must analyze the relationship between at least one given perspective and the student's developed perspective. Students may adopt one of the given perspectives as their own.

Scoring

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Four domain scores are reported alongside the overall writing section score. The overall score is reported on a 2-12 point scale. Subject scores are determined using the rounded average of the four domain scores.

Ideas & Analysis

This domain reflects students' ability to generate productive ideas and engage critically with multiple perspectives.

Competent writers demonstrate an understanding of the provided issue, the purpose for writing, and the audience. Their ideas are contextually relevant.

Development & Support

This domain emphasizes discussion of ideas, rationale, and argumentative support.

Competent writers explain and explore ideas, discussing their implications and illustrating by example. They help readers understand their thought process.

Organization

This domain prioritizes the clarity and purpose of idea organization.

Competent writers make meaningful organizational choices, arranging their essays to optimize their expression of the relationships between ideas and narrative flow.

Language Use & Conventions

This domain highlights clarity and efficacy of language use.

Competent writers adhere to grammatical and syntactic conventions, using words and mechanics within those guidelines. They are aware of their audience and adjust the tone and style of writing accordingly.

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